@inproceedings{shangguan95a,
  author = {H. Shangguan and L. W. Casperson and A. Shearin and K. W. Gregory and S. A. Prahl},
  title = {Photoacoustic Drug Delivery: The Effect of Laser Parameters on Spatial Distribution of Delivered Drug},
  booktitle = {SPIE Proceedings of Laser-Tissue Interaction VI},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {S. L. Jacques},
  pages = {394--402},
  volume = {2391},
  abstract = {Photoacoustic drug delivery is a technique for delivering drugs to localized areas by timing laser-induced pressure transients to coincide with a bolus of drug. This study explores the effects of target material, laser energy, absorption coefficient, fiber size, repetition rate, and number of pulses on the spatial distribution of delivered drug. A microsecond flash-lamp pumped dye laser delivered 30--100\,mJ pulses through optical fibers with diameters of 300--1000\,$\mu$m. Vapor bubbles were created 1--5\,mm above clear gelatin targets submerged in mineral oil containing a hydrophobic dye (D\&C Red \#17). The absorption coefficient of the oil-dye solution was varied from 50--300\,cm$^{-1}$. Spatially unconfined geometry was investigated. We have found that while the dye can be driven a few millimeters into the gels in both the axial and radial directions, the penetration was less than 500\,$\mu$m when the gel surface remained macroscopically undamaged. Increasing the distance between the fiber tip and target, or decreasing the pulse energy reduced the extend of the delivery.},
}